hyperemia and congestion

HYPEREMIA AND CONGESTION

Ever had a bruising? Umm …. We all had it right? What if the blood accumulates not under our skin like in bruise but in important organs like the lungs?

What happens if the tissues in our body begin to accumulate blood?

Why does it happen? Can we treat it and if yes then how?

In this post, we are going to cover two situations that happen in the body due to the increase in the volume of blood in the tissues….

We can ask a question that the heart pumps blood that is supposed to reach the tissues but why do we bother if the blood is already present and that too in much more adequate amount?

Well, it's much more complex than that let us learn why.

The two conditions in which there is an accumulation of blood in the tissues is HYPEREMIA and CONGESTION. In both of them, there is an accumulation of blood but there are different mechanisms through which the blood collects. Let’s discuss them one by one.

HYPEREMIA- it is an active process in which there is a dilation of the arteries and the blood collects in the dilated blood vessels.

The hyperemic area often appears red.



Hyperemia can have causes that aren't due to underlying disease. Examples include warming up cold hands and feet simply by rubbing them, soaking in a hot tub circulation is boosted, using a sauna, having an erection or post-exercise because the muscles need more oxygen and thus more oxygenated blood is accumulated there.

Other than this hyperemia can also be caused due to inflammation because inflammation too causes the oozing of blood to the tissues along with vasodilation

See a doctor immediately if you

a) Feel chest pain because it can indicate a heart-related problem

b) Are short of breath which is called dyspnea and can be caused by many reasons

c) Faint

Treatment often includes lifestyle changes and also medications like beta-blockers and blood thinners are often given.

For more detailed information you can visit

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319416#types-of-hyperemia




CONGESTION- this is a bit more complex than hyperemia and can sometimes lead to serious problems. Congestion is a passive process resulting from an impaired outflow of venous blood from tissue.

It can occur systemically, as in cardiac failure (CHF), or locally as a consequence of an isolated venous obstruction. Congested tissues have an abnormal blue-red color (cyanosis) that stems from the accumulation of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the affected area.

If the congestion last for long or is chronic then there is a loss of tissue perfusion and it can cause serious complications like-

a) lead to parenchymal cell death

b) secondary tissue fibrosis.

c) the elevated intravascular pressures because of the collected blood may cause edema.

d) sometimes rupture capillaries, producing focal hemorrhages.

Congestion can occur in different organs like the liver and lungs and if not treated then the lack of tissue perfusion and the collection of deoxygenated venous blood can cause tissue necrosis in those organs

The necrosis might be irreversible after a particular stage which is very serious.

Mostly in the case of heart, it might lead to heart failure

Treatment includes surgery and lifestyle changes.

For more detailed information you can visit

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/chronic-venous-insufficiency


Thank you stay safe and healthy

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